Sensory evaluation techniques / Morten C. Meilgaard, Gail Vance Civille, B. Thomas Carr.

Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:

From listing the steps involved in a sensory evaluation project to presenting advanced statistical methods, Sensory Evaluation Techniques, Fourth Editioncovers all phases of sensory evaluation. Like its bestselling predecessors, this edition continues to detail all sensory tests currently in use, to promote the effective employment of these tests, and to describe major sensory evaluation practices.

The expert authors have updated and added many areas in this informative guide. New to this edition are expanded chapters on qualitative and quantitative consumer research and the Spectrum(tm) method of descriptive sensory analysis that now contains full descriptive lexicons for numerous products, such as cheese, mayonnaise, spaghetti sauce, white bread, cookies, and toothpaste. Also new in this chapter is a set of revised flavor intensity scales for crispness, juiciness, and some common aromatics. The book now includes an overview of Thurstonian scaling that examines the decision processes employed by assessors during their evaluations of products. Another addition is a detailed discussion of data-relationship techniques, which link data from diverse sources that are collected on the same set of examples.

With numerous examples and sample tests, Sensory Evaluation Techniques, Fourth Editionremains an essential resource that illustrates the development of sensory perception testing.

Table of contents provided by Syndetics

• Chapter 1 Introduction to Sensory Techniques
• 1.1 Introduction (p. 1)
• 1.2 Development of Sensory Testing (p. 1)
• 1.3 Human Subjects as Instruments (p. 2)
• 1.4 Conducting a Sensory Study (p. 3)
• References (p. 5)
• Chapter 2 Sensory Attributes and the Way We Perceive Them
• 2.1 Introduction (p. 7)
• 2.2 Sensory Attributes (p. 7)
• 2.3 The Human Senses (p. 12)
• 2.4 Perception at Threshold and Above (p. 22)
• References (p. 22)
• Chapter 3 Controls for Test Room, Products, and Panel
• 3.1 Introduction (p. 25)
• 3.2 Test Controls (p. 25)
• 3.3 Product Controls (p. 34)
• 3.4 Panelist Controls (p. 37)
• References (p. 38)
• Chapter 4 Factors Influencing Sensory Verdicts
• 4.1 Introduction (p. 39)
• 4.2 Physiological Factors (p. 39)
• 4.3 Psychological Factors (p. 40)
• 4.4 Poor Physical Condition (p. 43)
• References (p. 43)
• Chapter 5 Measuring Responses
• 5.1 Introduction (p. 45)
• 5.2 Psychophysical Theory (p. 48)
• 5.3 Classification (p. 53)
• 5.4 Grading (p. 54)
• 5.5 Ranking (p. 55)
• 5.6 Scaling (p. 55)
• References (p. 60)
• Chapter 6 Overall Difference Tests: Does a Sensory Difference Exist between Samples?
• 6.1 Introduction (p. 63)
• 6.2 The Unified Approach to Difference and Similarity Testing (p. 63)
• 6.3 Triangle Test (p. 65)
• 6.4 Duo-Trio Test (p. 72)
• 6.5 Two-out-of-Five Test (p. 80)
• 6.6 Same/Different Test (or Simple Difference Test) (p. 84)
• 6.7 "A"-"Not A" Test (p. 88)
• 6.8 Difference-from-Control Test (p. 92)
• 6.9 Sequential Tests (p. 100)
• References (p. 104)
• Chapter 7 Attribute Difference Tests: How Does Attribute X Differ between Samples?
• 7.1 Introduction: Paired Comparison Designs (p. 105)
• 7.2 Directional Difference Test: Comparing Two Samples (p. 105)
• 7.3 Pairwise Ranking Test: Friedman Analysis-Comparing Several Samples in All Possible Pairs (p. 109)
• 7.4 Introduction: Multisample Difference Tests-Block Designs (p. 112)
• 7.5 Simple Ranking Test: Friedman Analysis-Randomized (Complete) Block Design (p. 113)
• 7.6 Multisample Difference Test: Rating Approach-Evaluation by Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) (p. 117)
• 7.7 Multisample Difference Test: BIB Ranking Test (Balanced Incomplete Block Design)-Friedman Analysis (p. 122)
• 7.8 Multisample Difference Test: BIB Rating Test (Balanced Incomplete Block Design)-Evaluation by Analysis of Variance (p. 125)
• References (p. 128)
• Chapter 8 Determining Threshold
• 8.1 Introduction (p. 129)
• 8.2 Definitions (p. 130)
• 8.3 Applications of Threshold Determinations (p. 132)
• References (p. 138)
• Chapter 9 Selection and Training of Panel Members
• 9.1 Introduction (p. 141)
• 9.2 Panel Development (p. 141)
• 9.3 Selection and Training for Difference Tests (p. 143)
• 9.4 Selection and Training of Panelists for Descriptive Testing (p. 147)
• 9.5 Panel Performance and Motivation (p. 154)
• Appendix 9.1 Prescreening Questionnaires (p. 157)
• Appendix 9.2 Panel Leadership Advice (p. 165)
• References (p. 171)
• Chapter 10 Descriptive Analysis Techniques
• 10.1 Definition (p. 173)
• 10.2 Field of Application (p. 173)
• 10.3 Components of Descriptive Analysis (p. 174)
• 10.4 Commonly Used Descriptive Test Methods (p. 178)
• 10.5 Application of Descriptive Analysis Panel Data (p. 183)
• References (p. 186)
• Chapter 11 The Spectrum Descriptive Analysis Method
• 11.1 Designing a Descriptive Procedure (p. 189)
• 11.2 Myths about the Spectrum Descriptive Analysis Method (p. 189)
• 11.3 Terminology (p. 191)
• 11.4 Intensity (p. 192)
• 11.5 Other Options (p. 192)
• 11.6 Modified Short-Version Spectrum Descriptive Procedures for Quality Assurance, Shelf-Life Studies, etc. (p. 193)
• Appendix 11.1 Spectrum Terminology for Descriptive Analysis (p. 194)
• Appendix 11.2 Spectrum Intensity Scales for Descriptive Analysis (p. 213)
• Appendix 11.3 A Streamlined Approach to Spectrum References (p. 224)
• Appendix 11.4 Spectrum Descriptive Analysis Product Lexicons (p. 232)
• Appendix 11.5 Spectrum Descriptive Analysis Examples of Full Product Descriptions (p. 239)
• Appendix 11.6 Spectrum Descriptive Analysis Training Exercises (p. 245)
• References (p. 253)
• Chapter 12 Affective Tests: Consumer Tests and In-House Panel Acceptance Tests
• 12.1 Purpose and Applications (p. 255)
• 12.2 The Subjects/Consumers in Affective Tests (p. 259)
• 12.3 Choice of Test Location (p. 263)
• 12.4 Affective Test Methods-Fuzzy Front End (p. 265)
• 12.5 Affective Methods: Qualitative (p. 269)
• 12.6 Affective Methods: Quantitative (p. 271)
• 12.7 Internet Research (p. 281)
• 12.8 Using Other Sensory Methods to Uncover Insights (p. 283)
• Appendix 12.1 Screeners for Consumer Studies-Focus Group, CLT, and HUT (p. 294)
• Appendix 12.2 Discussion Guide-Group or One-on-One Interviews (p. 298)
• Appendix 12.3 Questionnaires for Consumer Studies (p. 300)
• Appendix 12.4 Protocol Design for Consumer Studies (p. 305)
• Appendix 12.5 Additional Fuzzy Front End References (p. 308)
• References (p. 309)
• Chapter 13 Basic Statistical Methods
• 13.1 Introduction (p. 313)
• 13.2 Summarizing Sensory Data (p. 314)
• 13.3 Statistical Hypothesis Testing (p. 323)
• 13.4 Thurstonian Scaling (p. 334)
• 13.5 The Statistical Design of Sensory Panel Studies (p. 338)
• 13.6 Appendix on Probability (p. 350)
• References (p. 355)
• Chapter 14 Advanced Statistical Methods
• 14.1 Introduction (p. 357)
• 14.2 Data Relationships (p. 357)
• 14.3 Preference Mapping (p. 375)
• 14.4 The Treatment Structure of an Experimental Design (p. 391)
• References (p. 404)
• Chapter 15 Guidelines for Choice of Technique
• 15.1 Introduction (p. 407)
• Reference (p. 412)
• Chapter 16 Guidelines for Reporting Results
• 16.1 Introduction (p. 413)
• 16.2 Summary (p. 413)
• 16.3 Objective (p. 413)
• 16.4 Experimental (p. 414)
• 16.5 Results and Discussion (p. 415)
• References (p. 417)
• Chapter 17 Statistical Tables 419
• Index (p. 441)