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Marine and freshwater systems are being placed under pressure like never before. A bigger and more demanding human population has meant increased utilisation of aquatic systems and, as such, the need for sustainable solutions to allow the development and conservation of these systems has become an international priority. In order to understand the limits of exploitation, an understanding is needed of the ecological principles that constrain levels of productivity and the systems' responses to exploitation pressure.This timely book explores current exploitation practices, and the ecological basis and consequences of that exploitation. From a consideration of the ecological effects of the extraction of non-living resources, including energy and water itself, it progresses to the biology and ecology of aquatic organisms, and how these underpin the harvesting for aquatic resources. A discussion of the ecological consequences for the system of its use as a means of transport and as a repository for wastes follows, along with the increasing importance of aquatic systems for human recreational pursuits. Finally, effective management strategies for natural hazards, the provision of ecological goods and services, and restoration of aquatic systems are considered, as well as the importance of ecological science in exploitation management. The role of science in providing an understanding of the effects of human intervention in aquatic systems is emphasised throughout, along with a consideration of the role of ecology in the sustainable management of the consequences of human activity.Online Resource Centre:The Online Resource Centre to accompany Ecology of Aquatic Management features:For students:* Library of web links, giving students quick access to a range of additional resources* Topical updates - surveys of key developments in the fieldFor lecturers:* Figures

Innehållsförteckning levererad av Syndetics

• 1 Human impacts on aquatic systems(p. 1)
• 1.1 Introduction(p. 1)
• 1.2 Definitions(p. 1)
• 1.3 What do aquatic systems provide?(p. 3)
• 1.4 Ecosystem services(p. 4)
• 1.5 The need for understanding(p. 5)
• 1.6 Scientific understanding of ecological dynamics(p. 7)
• 1.7 Evidence-based management-the role of science(p. 8)
• Summary(p. 8)
• Further reading(p. 9)
• 2 The dynamics of aquatic systems(p. 10)
• 2.1 Introduction(p. 10)
• 2.2 The scale of variation in aquatic systems(p. 10)
• 2.3 Drivers of variability(p. 13)
• 2.4 Key ecological concepts(p. 20)
• 2.5 Biological diversity(p. 27)
• 2.6 Ecological functioning(p. 30)
• Summary(p. 32)
• Further reading(p. 33)
• Part 1 Water as a Resource(p. 35)
• 3 Human use of water(p. 37)
• 3.1 Introduction(p. 37)
• 3.2 Effect of abstraction(p. 43)
• 3.3 Enhancing natural water storage methods(p. 47)
• 3.4 Sustainability(p. 49)
• Summary(p. 49)
• Further reading(p. 50)
• 4 Exploiting the physical properties of the aquatic environment(p. 51)
• 4.1 Introduction(p. 51)
• 4.2 The river basin as an ecological unit(p. 54)
• 4.3 Effect of dams and barrages(p. 56)
• 4.4 Effect of channelization(p. 65)
• 4.5 Effects of boat transport(p. 69)
• 4.6 Translocation(p. 70)
• Summary(p. 77)
• Further reading(p. 77)
• Part 2 Aquatic Biota as Resources(p. 79)
• 5 Biological basis for harvesting living organisms(p. 81)
• 5.1 Introduction(p. 81)
• 5.2 Production(p. 81)
• 5.3 Energy transfer(p. 86)
• 5.4 Population growth(p. 88)
• 5.5 Maximum sustainable yield (MSY)(p. 90)
• 5.6 Fisheries models(p. 93)
• 5.7 Problems with applying theory(p. 96)
• 5.8 Unsustainable harvesting(p. 98)
• Summary(p. 101)
• Further reading(p. 101)
• 6 Harvesting for economic gain(p. 102)
• 6.1 Introduction(p. 102)
• 6.2 Fish and shell fisheries(p. 103)
• 6.3 Impacts of fisheries on ecosystems(p. 114)
• 6.4 Collecting intertidal shellfish(p. 118)
• 6.5 Other living organisms(p. 122)
• 6.6 Biodiversity(p. 125)
• 6.7 Sustainability(p. 128)
• Summary(p. 135)
• Further reading(p. 136)
• 7 Aquaculture and ranching(p. 137)
• 7.1 Introduction(p. 137)
• 7.2 The biological basis for aquaculture(p. 145)
• 7.3 Aquaculture of fish(p. 151)
• 7.4 Aquaculture of invertebrates(p. 156)
• 7.5 Plants and algae(p. 159)
• 7.6 Polyculture(p. 160)
• 7.7 Ranching(p. 161)
• 7.8 Interactions between aquaculture and the environment(p. 163)
• Summary(p. 165)
• Further reading(p. 166)
• Part 3 Aquatic Environments as Resources(p. 167)
• 8 Waste disposal in the aquatic environment(p. 169)
• 8.1 Introduction(p. 169)
• 8.2 Biodegradable wastes(p. 174)
• 8.3 Nutrients(p. 183)
• 8.4 Accumulating toxic wastes(p. 184)
• 8.5 Inert solids(p. 191)
• 8.6 Mine wastes(p. 194)
• 8.7 Heat(p. 195)
• 8.8 Noise(p. 197)
• 8.9 Acidification(p. 198)
• 8.10 Cleaning up pollution(p. 200)
• 8.11 The changing nature of pollution(p. 205)
• Summary(p. 206)
• Further reading(p. 206)
• 9 Extracting mineral resources from the aquatic environment(p. 207)
• 9.1 Introduction(p. 207)
• 9.2 Sand and gravel dredging(p. 208)
• 9.3 Peat extraction(p. 212)
• 9.4 Manganese nodules(p. 217)
• 9.5 Oil exploration and production(p. 218)
• 9.6 Salt extraction(p. 221)
• Summary(p. 221)
• Further reading(p. 222)
• 10 Exploiting the general aquatic environment for recreation(p. 223)
• 10.1 Introduction(p. 223)
• 10.2 Impact of disturbance(p. 224)
• 10.3 Recreational harvesting(p. 233)
• 10.4 Conservation, ecotourism, and habitat creation(p. 241)
• Summary(p. 243)
• Further reading(p. 243)
• Part 4 Aquatic Environmental Management(p. 245)
• 11 Responding to natural hazards(p. 247)
• 11.1 Introduction(p. 247)
• 11.2 River floods and flood control(p. 247)
• 11.3 Coastal storms(p. 253)
• 11.4 Earthquakes and volcanoes(p. 255)
• 11.5 Biological hazards(p. 257)
• Summary(p. 262)
• Further reading(p. 263)
• 12 Ecosystem functioning and the provision of ecological goods and services(p. 264)
• 12.1 Introduction(p. 264)
• 12.2 The concept of ecological services(p. 265)
• 12.3 Aquatic ecosystems and ecosystem services(p. 268)
• 12.4 The link between ecological processes and human uses(p. 268)
• 12.5 Biodiversity-ecosystem functioning(p. 269)
• 12.6 Ecological footprint(p. 271)
• Summary(p. 272)
• Further reading(p. 273)
• 13 Restoration and recovery of aquatic systems(p. 274)
• 13.1 Restoration ecology and ecological restoration(p. 274)
• 13.2 The theoretical basis of restoration(p. 275)
• 13.3 Defining targets(p. 278)
• 13.4 Recovery(p. 284)
• 13.5 Restoration schemes and scale(p. 284)
• Summary(p. 290)
• Further reading(p. 291)
• 14 Aquatic management tools and approaches(p. 292)
• 14.1 Introduction(p. 292)
• 14.2 The role of ecological science in managing the exploitation of ecological systems(p. 293)
• 14.3 The role of stakeholders in environmental management(p. 301)
• 14.4 Environmental economics(p. 309)
• 14.5 Legislation and regulation(p. 309)
• 14.6 Looking to the future-sustainability and biodiversity issues(p. 313)
• 14.7 Concluding thoughts(p. 314)
• Summary(p. 315)
• Further reading(p. 315)
• Glossary(p. 317)
• Bibliography(p. 327)
• Index(p. 333)